Thierry Pairault posted on 23 January 2020 a study titled "Investissements en Afrique: La Chine et les 'Partenaires Traditionnels'".
Foreign direct investment stock in Africa as of 2017 shows that the 28 countries of the European Union are by far the largest sources of investment. Among individual countries, Netherlands is first at 100 billion Euros, France second at 54 billion Euros, United States third at 42 billion Euros, UK fourth at 39 billion Euros, and China fifth at 38 billion Euros. In 2017, investment stock from the Netherlands, France, US, and UK was below its highest level since 2012 while China reached its highest level in 2017. The largest amounts of China's investment stock as of 2017 were in South Africa (6.7 billion Euros), DRC (3.5 billion Euros), Zambia (2.6 billion Euros), Nigeria (2.6 billion Euros), and Angola (2 billion Euros).
