The Extractive Industries and Society journal published in September 2024 a study titled "Contention and Concessions: Exploring the Responsiveness of Chinese Mining Companies in Africa" by Jan Sandig, Jana Honke, and Claude Kabemba.
The study sought to understand how Chinese mining companies in Guinea and the Democratic Republic of the Congo respond to resistance from local communities, workers, and civil society groups. The authors concluded that the Chinese companies mostly conceded when facing sustained disruptive actions and pressure from hosting state elites and domestic and international non-governmental organizations.