The Washington Post published on 30 November 2023 an article titled "Sudan's Warring Sides Forcibly Recruit Civilians, Even Refugees Who Return" by Katharine Houreld.
Some 50,000 Sudanese have fled to Ethiopia as refugees since the beginning of the civil war. Some of the males have been forced from refugee camps to fight in Sudan. Others found the conditions in refugee camps so bad that they returned to Sudan on their own and were then forced to join the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces or Sudanese military.