The Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy at the University of Toronto published on 19 February 2024 a paper titled "Greening the Belt and Road in the Post-Megaproject Era" by Keren Zhu, Davidson College.
The Belt and Road Initiative's (BRI) emphasis on financing large infrastructure projects is rapidly declining for budgetary, environmental, political, and economic reasons. BRI is moving to a "small is beautiful" philosophy and a focus on green projects.