The Center for Strategic and International Studies published on 23 September 2021 a paper titled "Examining Extremism: Harakat al Shabaab al Mujihideen (al Shabaab)" by Jake Harrington and Jared Thompson.
This is an overview of al-Shabaab, its strategy and tactics, and its efforts to balance the often-competing goals of establishing an al-Shabaab-led government in Somalia and advancing the global al-Qaeda brand.