The International Crisis Group posted on 23 December 2025 a one-hour podcast titled "Reflecting on Sudan's Collapse and Elusive Peace Process" by Comfort Ero and Alex de Waal with Yasmine Farouk.
Sudanese polarization and alienation of society in Sudan now makes peace unusually hard. Sudan has effectively collapsed as a recognizable state. There can only be a solution at the international level, making it more difficult to resolve. Sudan is now an international civil war. The personal involvement of President Trump in resolving the Sudan conflict increasingly appears not to be useful.
