The British Academy and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace published in September 2026 an analysis titled "China's Global Security Initiative and the Future of the International Security Order" by Jamie Gruffydd-Jones.
Four years after introduction of China's Global Security Initiative it is not clear how this opaque proposal will challenge the current security order. This paper shows that the initiative's features that have demonstrated the most promise--China becoming a more involved actor, with an approach to global security focused on domestic and non-traditional challenges--do not necessarily challenge the current order.
While there is an undeniable risk that China's state-centered approach will further promote tools of authoritarianism, there is limited evidence so far that China is seeking to create an alternative authoritarian-led international security order.
