The Center for Global Development published in March 2021 a study titled "More Problems More Money? Does China Lend More to African Countries with Higher Credit Risk Levels?" by David Landry and Gailyn Portelance.
The study examines the impact of African countries' creditworthiness levels on Chinese development finance commitments and whether it impacts the development finance they receive from China and the West differently. It finds that a disproportionate share of Chinese government loan commitments to African countries are made to governments with high risk levels.