Academia Letters published in July 2021 a study titled "Socio-environmental Imperatives for China-Africa Cooperation ahead of FOCAC 2021" by Joshua Maiyo, United States International University.
Since the Johannesburg Action Plan (2016-2018), FOCAC has committed to promoting an integrated green development approach on the continent. The author argues that progress in tackling critical environmental injustices that threaten biodiversity, environmental sustainability, and livelihoods of local communities has lagged behind commitments, although COVID-19 has contributed to the reduction in progress.
