The Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business published in the spring of 2023 a research article titled "Trends in China-Africa Economic Relations and Dispute Settlement" by Won Kidane, Villanova University School of Law.
While trade relations between China and Africa are theoretically subject to the same multilateral World Trade Organization rules, they are in practice mostly based on informal unilateral concessions. Moreover, investment relations are partially governed by fragmented and mostly outdated bilateral investment treaties, and commercial relations are formalized by ad hoc contractual instruments of diverse origin and deployment.
