China's Overseas Military Diplomacy

 Kristen Gunness, RAND Corporation, provided testimony on 26 January 2023 titled "China's Overseas Military Diplomacy and Implications for U.S. Interests" before the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission.  

This global overview of China's military diplomacy contains insights that are also useful in understanding China's security relationship with Africa.   

Chinese Military Diplomacy, 2003-2016

The National Defense University in Washington published in July 2017 a study titled "Chinese Military Diplomacy, 2003-2016: Trends and Implications" by Kenneth Allen, Phillip C. Saunders, and John Chen.

This is an excellent study of Chinese military exercises, naval port calls, and senior level military meetings between 2003 and 2016 with the rest of the world. While Africa constitutes only a small part of the study, it contains useful statistical information on the nature of China-Africa military interaction.