Global Policy published on 11 March 2025 a commentary titled "America, First in Africa? -- How and Why Badmouthing China in Africa Did Not Profit the U.S. under Trump 1.0" by Afa'anwi Che, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, China.
US criticism of China's policies in Africa as exploitative during the first Trump administration failed to deter African leaders from Beijing and earned no friends for the United States.
