World Politics Review published on 12 January 2022 a commentary titled "Russia's 'Return' to Africa Is Less Than the Sum of Its Parts" by Chris Olaoluwa Ogunmodede.
The author concludes that Russia's footprint in Africa pales in comparison to that of China, the United States, and the European Union. Bilateral relations with African governments remain scattershot and confined to a handful of client states and a narrow range of priority issues, namely security and energy. The story of Russia's "return" to Africa is much less than the sum of its parts.
