The China Global South Project published on 26 August 2024 an analysis titled "Learning Through Lending: China-Africa Economic Engagement through FOCACs Past and Present" by Lucas Engel.
The analysis underscores China's move away from financing of large infrastructure projects in Africa, a new focus on lending to small-and medium-sized enterprises and growing African trade deficits with China. It suggests these changes have constituted a renegotiation of the basic tenets of China-Africa economic engagement. The analysis concludes that efforts to correct past imbalances and embrace and preserve past successes will be necessary to realize the full potential of next month's Forum on China-Africa Cooperation.