Boston University's Global Development Policy Center posted on 21 August 2024 an analysis titled "Relative Risk and the Rate of Return: Chinese Loans to Africa Database, 2000-2023."
China's total loans to Africa peaked in 2016 at $28 billion, fell to $1 billion annually in 2021 and 2022 before rising to almost $5 billion in 2023. China's top five loan recipients between 2000 and 2023 were Angola, Ethiopia, Egypt, Nigeria, and Kenya. In 2023, China changed its approach to loans by providing half the total to African multilateral banks and nationally owned banks in Egypt. It continued to prioritize its longtime borrowers: Angola, Egypt, and Nigeria.
