The Friedrich Naumann Foundations published in June 2022 a study titled "The Clash of Systems: African Perspectives of the European Union and China Engagement" by James Shikwati, Nashon Adero, and Josephat Juma.
The study compares African perceptions of European and Chinese systems and operational styles in a wide range of areas. For example, Africans see China as best in quick decision-making and timely completion of projects. The EU receives higher marks for supporting private sector growth, soft power activities, and on gender and human rights issues.
