The Diplomat published on 6 September 2023 a commentary titled "The Latest China-Africa Leaders Dialogue: What has Changed?" by Ovigwe Eguegu and Hannah Ryder.
On the sidelines of the recent BRICS summit in South Africa, the focus on China-Africa dialogue was modernization underpinned by 3 new Chinese initiatives: (1) supporting Africa's industrialization, (2) supporting Africa's agricultural modernization, and (3) developing skills by increasing vocational schools.