The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace published on 31 July 2023 a commentary titled "Second Russia-Africa Summit Lays Bare Russia's Waning Influence" by Vadim Zaytsev.
Since the last Russia-Africa Summit in 2019 at Sochi, Russia's standing in Africa has declined. Trade is less today than in 2019 and Russia accounts for only 1 percent of foreign direct investment in Africa. Russia's invasion of Ukraine has battered its reputation in a number of African countries and the activities of the Wagner Group remain controversial. The Kremlin appears to have little time for Africa and Africa does not have much more for Russia.
