Revolution and War in Sudan

 African Arguments published on 5 May 2023 a commentary titled "Sudan: Revolutionary Reflections, Amid a Raging War" by Robert Kluijver, Centre for International Research.

The author concludes that Sudanese civil society must form the basis for a national settlement of the crisis in Sudan.  This will require a long-term commitment by the international community.

Foundation of Sudan's 2018-19 Revolution

 The US Institute of Peace published on 3 May 2022 a report titled "Sowing the Seeds of Nonviolent Action in Sudan" by Marija Marovic and Zahra Hayder.

The report explores the foundations of Sudan's 2018-2019 revolution, tracing the effects of local demand groups, civil society workshops, and professional associations on widespread mass participation, opposition unity and movement leadership, and nonviolent discipline.

Sudan's Revolution Leads to Despair

 The Washington Post published on 20 December 2021 an article titled "Three Years into Sudan's 'Endless Revolution,' Hope Slides Towards Despair" by Max Bearak.

The article offers the view that forces for democracy and civilian government in Sudan, although still active and numerous, are being worn down by the military's unwillingness to give up its power and control over key economic enterprises.  

Sudan's Revolution Through Art

 The US Institute of Peace posted on 12 November 2020 an article titled "How Art Helped Propel Sudan's Revolution" by Elizabeth Murray.

During Sudan's 2019 revolution artists helped capture the country's discontent and solidify protesters' resolve.  This is a fascinating collection of art that served that purpose.  

Sudan's Revolution: Urban/Rural and Wheat/Sorghum Divide

The Rift Valley Institute published in February 2020 a study titled "Sudan's Grain Divide: A Revolution of Bread and Sorghum" by Edward Thomas and Magdi el Gizouli.

Street protests played an important part in bringing Omar al-Bashir's thirty-year rule to an end. This study argues that it was urban wheat-based bread-eaters, both the better off and poorer beneficiaries of National Congress Party rule, who took to the streets. Their grievances were also shared by the wider urban-based elite, but were distant from those of the rural peripheries, who mostly eat sorghum, and had arguably suffered and resisted the Bashir regime for much longer.

Sudan and Algeria: Lessons from Egypt

Foreign Affairs posted on 10 June 2019 a commentary titled "What Algeria and Sudan Can Learn from Egypt: Lessons from a Failed Revolution" by Killian Clarke, Princeton University.

The author suggests that as Algeria and Sudan take their first steps toward democracy, they can draw on lessons from Egypt to keep their transitions on track. Egypt demonstrated that street protests have the power to influence the decisions of the military. It is important that the revolutionary forces in Sudan and Algeria remain united. Movements in both countries must also recognize the importance of cultivating foreign support.

Is Sudan's Revolution Following the One in Egypt?

African Arguments posted on 5 June 2019 a commentary titled "This Is How Our Revolution in Egypt Failed. Sudan, Please Be Warned" by Osama Gaweesh, an Egyptian journalist in exile in the UK.

After Egypt's 2011 revolution, the military soon acted to retake power. The author argues that Sudan's military is behaving in a similar manner.

Sudan's Revolution in Photographs

The New York Times published on 3 May 2019 a story titled "Bullets, Tear Gas and Love: Romance Blooms in the Midst of Sudan Protests" by Declan Walsh and Bryan Denton.

A series of excellent photographs depict the on-going revolution in Sudan's capital of Khartoum.

Sudan's Half-Revolution

The American Interest published on 3 May 2019 an analysis titled "Sudan's Half-Revolution" by Omar Al-Turabi, Dubai-based Al-Mesbar Studies and Research Center.

The author reviews the background of the on-going revolution in Sudan and concludes that much will depend on the four following key variables: the war in Darfur, the incomplete democratic transformation, the uncertain harmonization of the Transitional Military Council and political forces, and the worrying economic future.

Ethiopia: Looking Back on the Overthrow of Emperor Haile Selassie

The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training at the Foreign Service Institute outside Washington published in October 2016 the oral history accounts of several American diplomats who served at the U.S. embassy in Addis Ababa in the period before and after the overthrow of Emperor Haile Selassie in 1974. The accounts are titled "Anatomy of an Overthrow: Why a Revered African Leader Was Toppled."