The Armed Conflict and Event Data Project (ACLED) published on 30 August 2022 a study titled "Wagner Group Operations in Africa: Civilian Targeting Trends in the Central African Republic and Mali" by Ladd Serwat, Heni Nsaibia, Vincenzo Carbone, and Timothy Lay.
The Russian mercenary Wagner Group has been operating in the Central African Republic since 2018 and in Mali since 2021. Civilian targeting accounts for 52 percent and 71 percent of Wagner Group involvement in the CAR and Mali respectively. In the CAR, Wagner operates mostly independently of the Central African Armed Forces while in Mali it operates mostly alongside state security forces.
