The Heritage Institute for Policy Studies published in 2025 a study titled "From Risk to Response: Addressing the Climate-Conflict-Displacement Nexus."
Somalia consistently ranks among the world's most climate-vulnerable countries. Climate change is the primary driver of internally displaced people (IDPs) in the country. One in every 25 displaced individuals globally resides in Somalia. Climate-vulnerable states are also more likely to experience civil unrest and political instability.
The Associated Press published on 16 May 2025 an article titled "Children Die as USAID Cuts Snap a Lifeline for the World's Most Malnourished" by Taiwo Adebayo.
Drawing on a program implemented by Mercy Corps in Nigeria to feed malnourished children, the article documents the damage caused by dismantling USAID. It also looks at the closure of global programs administered by Helen Keller International.
NPR posted on 26 April 2025 the text of a conversation titled "Sudan's Capital City Is Finally Repaired--But Shattered Beyond Recognition" between Scott Simon and Emmanuel Akinwotu, international correspondent for NPR.
After two years of fighting between the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces, the SAF has regained control of Khartoum. Emmanuel Akinwotu recently visited Khartoum and described the destruction and desperation in the capital city. The dismantlement of the US Agency for International Development is adding to the challenges of surviving in Khartoum.
The New York Times published on 19 April 2025 an article and photo spread titled "Trump's Aid Cuts Hit the Hungry in a City of Shellfire and Starvation" by Declan Walsh and Ivor Prickett.
Within days of the dismantling of USAID by the Trump administration, over 300 soup kitchens run by Emergency Response Rooms, a network of democracy activists turned volunteer aid workers, were forced to close. Aid groups on the ground in Sudan say the flow of American money stopped two months ago and USAID officials who helped make the payments have been fired.
The Council on Foreign Relations published on 14 April 2025 a commentary titled "A Third Year of War: Dried-Up Aid Pulls Sudan Further into Chaos" by Mariel Ferragamo.
People are dying more of hunger and disease in Sudan than bullets. The health care system is collapsing. The dismantlement of USAID was followed by the shutting down of 80 percent of the local emergency kitchens. Other donors have also cut back on aid to Sudan.
Refugees International published in August 2024 a report titled "The Nuba Mountains: A Window into the Sudan Crisis" by Daniel P. Sullivan.
Amid the turmoil in Sudan, the Nuba mountains bordering South Sudan, and long controlled by the Sudan People's Liberation Movement North, has become a haven of relative security, but far from untouched. An estimated 700,000 internally displaced people from other parts of Sudan have arrived in the Nuba mountains. As a result, it is both necessary and possible to scale up the humanitarian response.
Aljazeera published on 27 June 2024 an article titled "Over 750,000 People in Sudan at Risk of Starvation: Global Hunger Monitor."
The United Nations hunger monitoring system, the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification, said on 27 June that 755,000 people in Sudan are facing "catastrophe", the most severe level of extreme hunger. Another 8.5 million, or 18 percent of the population, deal with food shortages that could result in acute malnutrition and death. About 26 million people are likely to experience high levels of acute food insecurity between June and September.
CBS News posted on 25 June 2024 an article titled "Sudan's Raging Civil War Could See 2 Million Starve to Death. Aid Agency Says 'the World Is Not Watching'" by Sarah Carter.
The International Rescue Committee's country director for Sudan said the war-torn country is on the brink of a "catastrophe of historic scale" and that 2 million people could die of hunger-related causes if the situation does not improve.
Reuters published on 20 June 2024 an article titled "Sudan's Cemeteries Swell with Fresh Graves as Hunger and Disease Spread" by Ryan McNeill, Maggie Michael, and Reade Levinson.
As hunger and disease spread in Sudan, especially Darfur region, the graveyards grow in size. Almost 20 percent of Sudan's population is currently facing an emergency food situation or worse because of the civil war. About two-thirds of Sudanese no longer have access to healthcare. Sudan risks a lost generation.
The US Institute of Peace published on 18 April 2024 a commentary titled "Four Priorities for Sudan a Year into the Civil War" by Susan Stigant.
The author proposes four priorities for mitigating the impact of Sudan's civil war, which has completed its first year:
--Develop and execute a coherent strategy among the special envoys for Sudan from the United States, United Nations, and African Union.
--Prioritize the provision of humanitarian assistance.
--De-escalate conflict in those parts of Sudan at most risk of mass violence.
--Get back to basics in the next round of the Jeddah peace talks.
The Council on Foreign Relations published on 16 April 2024 an analysis titled "What Is the Extent of Sudan's Humanitarian Crisis?" by Mariel Ferragamo and Diana Roy.
The conflict in Sudan, which has been raging for one year, is destroying the infrastructure, breaking down the health system, has caused the world's largest internal displacement crisis, created a major refugee problem, and may result in the world's largest hunger crisis.
Aljazeera published on 1 April 2024 an article titled "Are Sudan's Civil Society Activists Being Targeted by Both Warring Sides?" by Mat Nashed.
There are recent reports that both the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) are targeting and sometimes arresting civil society activists who operate soup kitchens for the poor and provide other help in their "emergency response rooms." The goal of the RSF and the SAF apparently is to maintain control over all elements of civil society.
The Washington Post published on 1 April 2024 an article complete with photographs titled "Hunger Stalks War-ravaged Sudan as Aid Is Blocked and Looted" by Diana Zeynab Alhindawi and Katharine Houreld.
The paramilitary Rapid Support Forces routinely loots food warehouses in Darfur while the Sudan Armed Forces periodically blocks the delivery of food there. These factors contribute to Sudan being on the brink of famine.
Aljazeera published on 29 March 2024 an article titled "Sudan Slips into Famine as Warring Sides Starve Civilians" by Virginia Pietromarchi.
One year since war broke out in Sudan, the article says that interrupted online remittances, soaring food prices, a reduction in local cereal production, and warring factions preventing the delivery of food aid have put Sudan in the middle of a "humanitarian disaster." The article quotes experts who predict famine will occur in areas such as Darfur by June of this year.
The United Nations published on 20 March 2024 a press release titled "Conflict Between Warring Parties in Sudan Pushing Millions to Brink of Famine, Top UN Officials Tell Security Council, Warning Entire Generation Could Be Destroyed."
Comment: Neither the Aljazeera article nor the UN officials argue that famine currently exists in Sudan, although both believe it is likely in the next two to three months. According to the UN, famine is a technical term that exists when three conditions come together in a specific geographic area such as a region or country. The conditions are:
--At least 20 percent of the population in that particular area are facing extreme levels of hunger,
--30 percent of the children in the same place are wasted, or too thin for their height, and
--The death rate has doubled from the average, surpassing two deaths per 10,000 daily for adults and four deaths per 10,000 daily for children.
Refugees International published a report dated March 2024 titled "Scars of War and Depravations: An Urgent Call to Reverse Tigray's Humanitarian Crisis" by Sarah Miller.
The report argues that aid has not scaled up to meet the need of Tigray Region's internally displaced people (IDP). If relief does not come, many will die, and some even fear that the fragile Pretoria Peace Agreement could be in jeopardy. Much of the region remains in dire straits, and many IDPs are languishing in very difficult conditions.
The Associated Press published on 29 June 2023 an article titled "US Says It's Horrified by Conditions in Ethiopia after Theft Leads to Food Aid Pause and Deaths."
USAID said its decision to pause food aid in Ethiopia because of massive theft by Ethiopian government officials was a last resort but acknowledged it has contributed to hundreds of deaths due to hunger.
The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute published in June 2023 a major report titled "Improving the Prospects for Peace in South Sudan: Spotlight on Measurement" by Marie Riquier.
The report analyzes the dynamics of peace and conflict and how they impact the contribution of World Food Program (WFP) efforts to improve the prospects for peace in South Sudan. The report explores how current monitoring systems, internal processes, and data can be adapted to capture WFP's contribution to improving prospects for peace.
The German Foreign Office posted on 22 September 2022 a press release titled "Ukrainian Wheat for the Horn of Africa: Germany Supports International Assistance Mission."
In spite of Russia's invasion, Ukraine is donating 50,000 tons of wheat to the people of Ethiopia and Somalia. Germany and France are providing funding to the World Food Program to cover the cost of transportation.
Oxfam published on 16 September 2022 a report titled "Hunger in a Heating World: How the Climate Crisis Is Fuelling Hunger in an Already Hungry World."
Climate change is fueling hunger for millions of people around the world. Oxfam looked at 10 of the worst affected "climate hotspots"--those countries with the most recurring UN humanitarian appeals in response to major extreme weather events since 2000. Seven of the 10 countries are in Africa: Burkina Faso, Djibouti, Kenya, Madagascar, Niger, Somalia, and Zimbabwe. The other three are Afghanistan, Guatemala, and Haiti.
Oxfam found that acute hunger has more than doubled in those countries just over the past six years. Nearly 18 million people in these 10 countries are currently on the brink of starvation.
The New Internationalist published on 7 June 2022 an article titled "The War in Ukraine Has Hit Africa's Food Security" by Ugochi Anyaka Oluigbo.
The author argues that Russia's invasion of Ukraine and blockade of Ukraine's Black Sea ports threatens to cause serious damage to food supplies in Africa, which is heavily dependent on Russian and Ukrainian grain.
